import pandas as pd 
import seaborn as sns

data = { 
'region': ['North','North','South','South','East','East','West','West'], 
'quarter': ['Q1','Q2','Q1','Q2','Q1','Q2','Q1','Q2'], 
'product': ['A','A','A','A','B','B','B','B'], 
'sales': [100,150,80,120,90,140,110,130] 
} 

df = pd.DataFrame(data)

df

df_mi = df.set_index(['region', 'quarter'])  

df_mi 

df_mi.index

unstacked = df_mi['sales'].unstack(level='quarter') 

unstacked

pivot_tbl = df.pivot_table( 
    values='sales', 
    index='region', 
    columns='quarter', 
    aggfunc='sum' 
) 
pivot_tbl


df_wide = pivot_tbl.reset_index() 

df_long = df_wide.melt(
    id_vars='region', 
    var_name='quarter', 
    value_name='sales'
) 
df_long.head() 


sns.barplot(data=df_long, x='region', y='sales', hue='quarter')