tb_spectrogram — 2D `typed` op

• 資料種類:signal → image

• 呼叫:fullseye.apply(img, "tb_spectrogram", a=0.5, b=0.5)(2-D 的模型是一張圖 + 兩個純量旋鈕 a,b∈[0,1])

tb_spectrogram: input → output

*圖為在 128×128 合成輸入上實際執行的輸出。左為輸入，右為輸出。點雲以俯視散點顯示(亮度 = z)，一維序列為折線，體資料為沿 z 的最大值投影，影片為中間影格，複數影像為振幅；無法成像的回傳值直接顯示數值。*

*旋鈕 a 不改變輸出(實測: 0.1 / 0.5 / 0.9 相同)。*

掃描旋鈕 b(0.1 / 0.5 / 0.9，另一旋鈕取預設):

▸ tb_spectrogram: knob b sweep (docs site)

階段(前置運算子 → 本運算子，由左至右):

▸ tb_spectrogram: stages (docs site)

換別的影像(合成場景 / 照片 / 硬幣。上排為輸入，下排為對應輸出。旋鈕取預設):

▸ tb_spectrogram: other inputs (docs site)

用法

STFT 振幅頻譜圖 -> `(freqs, times, S),其中 S 的形狀為 (n_freqs, n_frames)。使用漢寧窗(Hann window);*hop* 預設值為 win//2`。

> 以下的詳細說明為原文 —— 摘要與標題已翻譯。

**Same raw convention as :func:spectrum, but a different divisor.** Each

column is the unnormalised `|rfft(frame * hann(win))|`, so it is not an

amplitude either — and dividing by `2/win` is *wrong* here, because the

Hann window has already thrown away part of the signal. The correct one-sided

amplitude conversion divides by the window's coherent gain::

w = np.hanning(win)

amp = S * (2.0 / w.sum()) # bins 1 .. win/2-1; DC / Nyquist: 1/w.sum()

Measured on a unit sine at a bin centre (`rate = 16000` Hz, 1000 Hz,

amplitude exactly 1.0, `win = 256`): the raw column peak is

`63.7497786196906; * 2/win gives 0.49804514546633283` (too small by

exactly the Hann coherent gain `sum(w)/win = 0.498046875`), while

`* 2/sum(w) gives 0.9999965273676957`. Only the second one is the

amplitude that was actually in the signal.

Peak *positions*, frame-to-frame ratios and any dB *difference* are unaffected

by either factor. This function returns magnitudes only — the phase is

discarded, so it cannot be inverted; use `acoustics.stft / acoustics.istft`

for a round-trip.

Typed bridge of the 1d op `spectrogram into the 2-D evolution registry: the same implementation, called under the op(v, a, b) convention. a drives rate (default 1) and b drives win` (default 256).

參考(範例資料・文獻)

• 範例資料目錄(下載 URL / 授權) —— 2-D 用 skimage.data(BSD/公有領域)加合成圖,3-D 給出真實資料源(Stanford/PDS 等)的下載 URL。

• 運算子來歷與參考文獻 —— 該運算子族所依據的研究/方法出處。

在 Studio 中試試

下面的程式已確認可以執行(與圖相同的輸入)。在 Studio 說明中，此區塊會變成按鈕，可當場載入並執行。

img_to_signal 0.50 0.50
tb_spectrogram 0.50 0.50

▸ Load this pipeline · Load & run

可執行的範例(實際呼叫該運算子並已驗證的樣例)

下面的範例呼叫的是底層帳本運算子 spectrogram。此橋接運算子只是把同一實作適配為 fn(v, a, b) 慣例，行為完全相同(只是呼叫形式不同)。

• acoustic_condition_monitoring — py -3.11 examples/acoustic_condition_monitoring.py

型別可銜接的下一個運算子(可接受 `image` 作為輸入)

identity · gaussian · mean_box · bilateral · unsharp · median · min_filter · max_filter

同類別(`typed`)

tb_points_to_voxel · tb_estimate_point_normals · tb_iss_keypoints · tb_project_points · tb_render_point_depth · tb_statistical_outlier_removal · tb_radius_outlier_removal · tb_voxel_grid_downsample

*Provenance: ops.py — 2D 運算子登記表。本條目由 tools/opdocs.py md 自動產生(請勿手動編輯)。*

tb_spectrogram — 2D typed op

用法