typed op• 資料種類:signal → signal
• 呼叫:fullseye.apply(img, "tb_local_std", a=0.5, b=0.5)(2-D 的模型是一張圖 + 兩個純量旋鈕 a,b∈[0,1])
*圖為在 128×128 合成輸入上實際執行的輸出。左為輸入，右為輸出。點雲以俯視散點顯示(亮度 = z)，一維序列為折線，體資料為沿 z 的最大值投影，影片為中間影格，複數影像為振幅；無法成像的回傳值直接顯示數值。*
掃描旋鈕 a(0.1 / 0.5 / 0.9，另一旋鈕取預設):
▸ tb_local_std: knob a sweep (docs site)
*旋鈕 b 不改變輸出(實測: 0.1 / 0.5 / 0.9 相同)。*
階段(前置運算子 → 本運算子，由左至右):
▸ tb_local_std: stages (docs site)
換別的影像(合成場景 / 照片 / 硬幣。上排為輸入，下排為對應輸出。旋鈕取預設):
▸ tb_local_std: other inputs (docs site)
帶誤差界的移動標準差。
> 以下的詳細說明為原文 —— 摘要與標題已翻譯。
The 1-D counterpart of the image operator `local_std` (HALCON's
`deviation_image`): the variance is taken after subtracting the mean
(`E[x^2] - E[x]^2` loses its significant digits on a signal that sits far
from zero), unbiased by `n/(n-1)`, and the residual bias of the square root
removed by `c4(n), so the estimate of sigma` itself is unbiased.
*window* is the number of samples in the sliding window, **rounded up to the
next odd number** so the window can be centred (10 becomes 11). The error
bound below is computed from the window actually used, so the number quoted
stays true. The 2-D side does the same thing — `_k(a)` snaps the knob to
3/5/7/9 — and the typed bridge that exposes this op as `tb_local_std`
scales the knob continuously, so an even value arrives whenever the knob
lands between two odd ones.
**The relative standard error of each estimate is `1/sqrt(2(n-1))`** —
35 % for a 5-sample window, 11 % for 41. Quote it next to any noise figure:
a rolling sigma over 9 samples is +- 25 %, which is wider than most of the
changes people try to read off it.
Returns an array the same length as *x* (the ends are reflected).
Typed bridge of the 1d op `local_std into the 2-D evolution registry: the same implementation, called under the op(v, a, b) convention. a drives window (default 9); b` is unused.
• 範例資料目錄(下載 URL / 授權) —— 2-D 用 skimage.data(BSD/公有領域)加合成圖,3-D 給出真實資料源(Stanford/PDS 等)的下載 URL。
• 運算子來歷與參考文獻 —— 該運算子族所依據的研究/方法出處。
下面的程式已確認可以執行(與圖相同的輸入)。在 Studio 說明中，此區塊會變成按鈕，可當場載入並執行。
img_to_signal 0.50 0.50 tb_local_std 0.50 0.50
▸ Load this pipeline · Load & run
下面的範例呼叫的是底層帳本運算子 local_std。此橋接運算子只是把同一實作適配為 fn(v, a, b) 慣例，行為完全相同(只是呼叫形式不同)。
• gallery2d_texture_freq — py -3.11 examples/gallery2d_texture_freq.py
signal 作為輸入)identity · tb_create_funct_1d_array · tb_smooth_funct_1d_gauss · tb_smooth_funct_1d_mean · tb_derivate_funct_1d · tb_integrate_funct_1d · tb_zero_crossings_funct_1d · tb_abs_funct_1d
typed)tb_points_to_voxel · tb_estimate_point_normals · tb_iss_keypoints · tb_project_points · tb_render_point_depth · tb_statistical_outlier_removal · tb_radius_outlier_removal · tb_voxel_grid_downsample
*Provenance: ops.py — 2D 運算子登記表。本條目由 tools/opdocs.py md 自動產生(請勿手動編輯)。*
© 2026 Kazufumi Furuse — Fullseye operator documentation. Licensed under Apache-2.0.