fly_emd_response — FLYVISION motion op

Data kinds: signal × signalsignal

Call: import fullseye as fs; fs.ledger.fly_emd_response(signal_a, signal_b, tau_s=0.05, dt_s=0.001) (to call the implementation directly, import flyvision; flyvision.fly_emd_response(signal_a, signal_b, tau_s=0.05, dt_s=0.001); from the registry, opsflyvision.get("fly_emd_response"))

Usage

Hassenstein-Reichardt correlator between two adjacent ommatidial signals.

The opponent elementary motion detector::

R(t) = LP(a)(t) * b(t) - a(t) * LP(b)(t)

where `LP` is a first-order low-pass of time constant *tau_s*. Delaying one

channel and multiplying it against the other, then subtracting the mirror

pair, gives a signal whose sign is the direction of motion and whose

steady-state mean encodes the temporal frequency.

signal_a / signal_b: the two 1-D input time series (same length).

tau_s: the low-pass time constant, seconds.

dt_s: the sample interval, seconds.

Returns a 1-D float64 array `R(t)` of the same length.

Ground truth: for two sinusoids of temporal frequency `f (omega = 2 pi f`)

with a spatial phase `psi = 2 pi dphi/lambda` between them, the steady-state

mean is `R_bar = dI^2 * sin(psi) * omega tau/(1 + (omega tau)^2)` (to 5%),

which is zero at `lambda = 2 dphi (psi = pi`) and maximal at

`f = 1/(2 pi tau) independent of lambda` (pinned in the tests).

Raises `ValueError`: a non-1-D / empty / too-short (< 2) / non-finite

*signal_a* or *signal_b*, mismatched lengths, a signal over

:data:MAX_SIGNAL_POINTS, and a non-positive *tau_s* / *dt_s*.

References (sample data, literature)

• Sample-data catalog (download URLs / licences) — 2-D uses skimage.data (BSD/public domain) plus synthetic images; 3-D lists download URLs for real data sources (Stanford, PDS, …).

• Operator provenance and references — the sources of the research/methods this op family came from.

• The canonical algorithm (author, year) and its uses are named in the family usage guide above.

Runnable examples (verified samples that actually call this op)

poc_fly_visionpy -3.11 examples/poc_fly_vision.py

Ops the type connects to (they accept signal as input)

fly_lgmd_eta · fly_tau_from_expansion · fly_dsi

Same category (motion)


*Provenance: flyvision.py — FLYVISION operator registry. This per-op note is generated by tools/opdocs.py md (do not hand-edit).*

© 2026 Kazufumi Furuse — Fullseye operator documentation. Licensed under Apache-2.0.